English Finansal Performans ile İflas Riski Arasındaki İlişkinin Analizi: Türkiye’deki Özel Sağlık Sigorta Firmaları Üzerine Bir Uygulama
Özet
Bu araştırma, 2018 ila 2022 yılları arasında Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren yedi sigorta şirketinin finansal performanslarının iflas riski ile olan korelasyonunu değerlendirmektedir. Araştırmada, şirketlerin yıl sonu mali tablolarından elde edilen veriler kullanılmış, ENTROPİ metodolojisi ile belirlenen kriterlere ağırlıklar atfedilmiş ve WASPAS yöntemi ile şirketlerin performans sıralamaları elde edilmiştir. İflas riskinin belirlenmesinde ise Altman-Z modeli uygulanmıştır. Finansal performans sıralamasında belirleyici olan kriterler; Aktif Karlılık, Özsermaye Karlılığı ve Net Kâr Marjı Gibi karlılık rasyolarıdır. Türkiye Sigorta ve Anadolu Sigorta'nın sektördeki lider konumları saptanırken, Ray Sigorta ve Mapfre Sigorta ise en zayıf performansı gösteren şirketler olarak tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma, finansal performansın iflas riskini etkilediğini göstermekle beraber, bunun iflas olasılığını belirlemede tek faktör olmadığını ortaya koymaktadır. Bu bağlamda, sigorta endüstrisinde finansal performansın değerlendirilmesi, daha bütüncül bir risk değerlendirme yaklaşımının parçası olarak ele alınmalıdır.
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